India is poised to emerge as a major player in the international nuclear energy market, International
Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Director-General Rafael Mariano Grossi said during his recent visit to
the country. Grossi met senior policymakers and discussed nuclear energy growth, the role of private
investment, and international nuclear issues such as Iran and Ukraine.
India’s Increasing Nuclear Aspirations
Grossi was optimistic about India’s approach to nuclear energy, especially given the country’s strong
technological base. India, which initially relied on Western nuclear technology, now has its own
reactors, with 20 units functioning efficiently. Despite this, nuclear power still contributes only
marginally to the nation’s overall electricity generation.
The Indian government has ambitious plans to scale up its nuclear power capacity to 100 gigawatts.
Grossi believes the target is achievable and sees India not just as a homegrown powerhouse of
nuclear energy but also as a potential global exporter of nuclear technology.
As countries worldwide seek clean and secure energy sources, India is well-positioned to catch up
with others involved in the global nuclear trade. Greater participation in the export of nuclear
technologies would enhance India’s prominence in global energy markets and diplomatic circles
alike.
India’s Potential to Be a Global Nuclear Leader

Grossi’s visit highlighted India’s capability to influence the global nuclear order. With a robust
indigenous programme, increasing capacity targets, and policy initiatives encouraging private sector
involvement, India is on track to become a key global player in nuclear power.
Amid growing concerns about climate change, nuclear energy is once again being viewed as a clean
and stable alternative. India’s ability to leverage its expertise and expanding infrastructure could
enable it to become a global provider of nuclear technology, offering an alternative to traditional
suppliers.
Iran’s Nuclear Programme: A Rising Concern
Grossi acknowledged that while Iran does not currently possess nuclear weapons, the level of its
uranium enrichment is approaching weapon-grade. He underscored the need for transparency and
cooperation from Iran in resolving longstanding issues raised by the IAEA.
Recent diplomatic developments suggest a new direction in global engagement with Iran. A high-
level meeting in Beijing involving Russia, China and Iran has been seen as a positive step.
Additionally, reports of letters exchanged between US President Donald Trump and Iran’s Supreme
Leader reflect a growing awareness of the need for dialogue.
However, Grossi cautioned that diplomacy has time limits. The international community is seeking a
resolution that ensures security and avoids escalation, especially amid ongoing tensions in the
Middle East. He stressed the importance of a peaceful and diplomatic solution, with full compliance
to international nuclear norms.
Nuclear Safety of Ukraine During War
The situation in Ukraine remains highly volatile, with the Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant at the
heart of the ongoing conflict. Grossi, who has been closely monitoring the developments, described
the plant as highly vulnerable and exposed, especially after multiple blackouts and direct attacks in
recent months.
The presence of IAEA teams at the plant has helped mitigate several operational and security risks.
However, the threat of a nuclear accident remains a critical concern.
Until a ceasefire is achieved and enforced, the immediate priority is ensuring that no catastrophic
accident takes place. The international community—comprising nations and
organisations—continues to hope for a peaceful resolution that would lead to long-term stability
and security in the war-torn region.
As long as hostilities persist, nuclear safety remains a pressing and non-negotiable issue.
Conclusion
India’s nuclear energy journey is at a defining moment. With rising capacity, increased private sector
participation, and growing engagement with international markets, the country is set to become a
major force in the future of nuclear technology.
Meanwhile, global nuclear challenges, including those concerning Iran and Ukraine, require ongoing
diplomatic and security efforts. As Grossi observed, cooperation, transparency and responsible
development are essential to making nuclear power a safe and sustainable solution for all.
Excerpt:

India is expanding its nuclear capacity, embracing private investments and emerging as a global
nuclear energy tech market.